Revised : 15 March Accepted : 11 February Issue Date : April Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:. Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Skip to main content. Search SpringerLink Search. By mouth using modified-release medicines. Pancreatitis ; severe cor pulmonale. Dysuria ; mood altered ; postural hypotension.
With oral use. Specialist sources indicate caution—use the lowest effective dose for the shortest possible duration; monitor infant for adverse effects, including sedation, breathing difficulties, constipation, difficulty feeding and poor weight gain. Avoid use or reduce dose; opioid effects increased and prolonged and increased cerebral sensitivity occurs. One frequently cited reason it never really achieved the prominence its properties warranted as an opiate treatment option was not least because of a largely inaccurate perception at the Home Office that the tablet form is frequently crushed and injected.
The usual formulation is dihydrocodeine tartrate. The adverse effects codeine and dihydrocodeine are similar to other opioid analgesics; nausea, vomiting, constipation, drowsiness, and confusion; tolerance to these except constipation generally develops with long term use.
Dry mouth, dizziness, sweating, facial flushing, headache, restlessness, changes of mood, sleep problems and miosis also occur. It can cause intense skin irritation. The main difficulty regularly reported, other than dependence, is that codeine, is that it is painfully constipating and can suppress the libido.
Codeine is also available combined with Ibuprofen; a common formulation is
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